Short Vi-polysaccharide abrogates T-independent immune response and hyporesponsiveness elicited by long Vi-CRM197conjugate vaccine
Micoli F., Bjarnarson SP., Arcuri M., Aradottir Pind AA., Magnusdottir GJ., Necchi F., Di Benedetto R., Carducci M., Schiavo F., Giannelli C., Pisoni I., Martin LB., Del Giudice G., MacLennan CA., Rappuoli R., Jonsdottir I., Saul A.
SignificanceOur results suggest a rational way of designing and developing an improved typhoid conjugate vaccine and, by extension, to conjugate vaccines in general: first, modify a T-independent polysaccharide so that it no longer induces a T-independent response, then conjugate the polysaccharide to a suitable carrier protein restoring immunogenicity, thus creating a pure T-dependent antigen that induces a strongly boostable and long-lived response at an early age.