Meet Prof Ousmane Zina, a leading political scientist and head of the Political Science Department at the University of Bouaké in Côte d'Ivoire and a recipient of the Africa Oxford Initiative (AfOx) Catalyst grant. We recently had a conversation about his work collaborating with Prof Richard Caplan at the Department of Politics and International Relations and he shared his experiences during a recent visit to the University of Oxford. Prof Zina’s research aims to provide fresh insights into terrorism's underlying causes and propose new perspectives on combating it. The AfOx Catalyst grants support the development of collaborative research between researchers based in African research institutions and at the University of Oxford.
Can you tell us about your work as a researcher and how the AfOx Catalyst Grant has supported your project?
I am Prof Ousmane ZINA, holding a PhD in Political Science from Switzerland and Belgium, and currently serving as the Head of the Political Science Department at the University of Bouaké (Côte d'Ivoire). During my time at the Department of Politics and International Relations (DPIR) at the University of Oxford, I have been conducting research on "Social Contract Crisis and Terrorism in the Sahel Countries."
The primary objective of my research is to provide a new understanding of terrorism by examining its social foundations in the Sahel region. Terrorism is not solely a religious issue; it is also deeply rooted in social, economic, and political factors. My study seeks to answer key questions: Why does terrorism emerge in fragile African states? Why do young people attack their own countries? Why do some individuals resort to terrorism to challenge the state?
The AfOx Catalyst Grant has significantly contributed to my research in multiple ways. First, it provided financial support for travel, accommodation, and living expenses during my stay at Oxford. Second, it enabled me to conduct research in an ideal academic environment, with access to world-class libraries and the opportunity to engage with other researchers focused on Africa, international relations, development, conflict, terrorism, and peace studies. Lastly, the grant has facilitated the potential publication of my research in a prestigious academic journal affiliated with the University of Oxford.
What inspired you to pursue this area of political science, and what impact do you hope your research will have?
The development of political science as a discipline in African universities remains crucial. From 1960 to 1990, following the decolonization of African states, political science was largely absent from academic curricula due to the prevalence of autocratic and military regimes. These governments feared that political science could mobilize citizens toward democratization. However, since the 1990s, with the onset of democratization efforts in Africa, political science has gained prominence in universities. It now plays a vital role in explaining democracy, state formation, peace, development, and Africa's position in international relations.
As the first professor of political science and the inaugural Head of the Political Science Department at Alassane Ouattara University in Bouaké, I take great pride in pioneering this discipline in my country. This role presents an exciting challenge: to guide students in political studies, support their research, assist state institutions in improving governance, and foster scientific collaborations with renowned institutions such as the University of Oxford and Sciences Po in Paris and Lille.
Have you faced any significant challenges in your research journey, and how have you overcome them?
Yes, one major challenge has been the English language. In my country, French is the primary language of instruction and communication. While I could read and understand English, my proficiency in speaking and writing needed improvement. However, I embraced this challenge upon arriving at Oxford. Over time, I have enhanced my ability to communicate effectively in English, engage in academic discussions, and collaborate with international scholars. I now feel more confident and continue to expand my linguistic skills.
To further strengthen my English proficiency, I have acquired numerous books in social sciences, politics, and international relations. These resources have been invaluable, and I intend to utilize them extensively when I return to my home country.
Collaboration is a key part of the AfOx initiative—how has this funding helped you build meaningful partnerships, and what has been the most exciting outcome so far?
The AfOx funding has reinforced the partnership between my university and the Department of Politics and International Relations at Oxford. Prior to my visit, I had collaborated with Prof Richard Caplan (DPIR, University of Oxford) on a research project in international relations. This collaboration was a remarkable experience, fostering knowledge exchange and advancing scientific research between our institutions.
During my stay at Oxford, I had the privilege of meeting Prof David Doyle, Head of the Department of Politics and International Relations. Together, we explored ways to strengthen existing partnerships and expand research initiatives into new areas.
Beyond academic collaboration, my time at Oxford has allowed me to build friendships through extracurricular activities such as playing football, which has been a rewarding and enjoyable experience.
What advice would you give to aspiring researchers, especially those seeking to create real-world change through their work?
To young researchers, I offer this encouragement: nothing is impossible. Have a vision, commit to it, and pursue it with determination. As African researchers, we must work hard, push boundaries, and go beyond merely publishing research. We should advocate for the practical application of our findings to address pressing challenges.
Furthermore, collaboration is essential. Partnering with other researchers and institutions enhances knowledge-sharing, fosters innovation, and amplifies the impact of our work. By working together, we can drive meaningful change and contribute to the advancement of our societies.
Additional information:
Image 1: Prof Ousmane Zina, during a recent visit to the Africa Oxford Initiative Office at the University of Oxford
Image 2: Prof Ousmane Zina, with colleagues during one of the football matches (standing 4th from the left, back row)